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     Autoethnographic writing, in accounting for the subjectivities through which observers engage with culture, encourages researchers to accept the experiences of engaged participants as contributing to academic epistemology, alongside the use of “impartial” observation, in substantial and meaningful ways. These methods, unlike those of a more traditional or empirical bent, document the lived experiences of researchers as they confront cultural externalities, acknowledge the limitations of so-called objective science, and present the anxieties felt by cultural subjects as meaningful realities, mattering both to the individual and in a broader social context.

     Practitioners of autoethnography should beware, however, of thinking that their experiences are commonplace. Autoethnographic documents come no closer to the establishment of universal truth than more conventional research methods. Moreover, even when some biases are acknowledged, autoethnography is subject to a suite of prejudices and cultural influences, as well as subconscious personal tendencies, of which a researcher may not be fully cognizant. An experience had at a certain age, for example, may condition a researcher to respond to a given circumstance in a highly idiosyncratic way. Thus, an autoethnographer who writes that an adult experience played a major role in her development of ethnic or gendered consciousness might unwittingly disregard earlier experiences that were ultimately more formative.

The author of the passage would be most likely to make which of the following recommendations to practitioners of autoethnography?

  • A

    They should rely exclusively on their own experiences in formulating criticism of society at large.

  • B

    They should imagine that the narratives they write are applicable to everyone, universally.

  • C

    They should be skeptical of their own observations and instead prefer research methods that are empirically verifiable.

  • D

    They should expect that the insights of autoethnography will be valuable but not universally true or applicable.

  • E

    They should never write about their own experiences and instead rely on the observations of others.

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正确答案: D

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