|
PREP07 Test 1 OG18-文本逻辑
|
The interview is an essential part of a successful hiring program because, with it, job applicants who have personalities that are unsuited to the requirements of the job will be eliminated from consideration.The argument above logically depends on which of the following assumptions?
|
|
OG18-文本逻辑
|
Many leadership theories have provided evidence that leaders affect group success rather than the success of particular individuals. So it is irrelevant to analyze the effects of supervisor traits on the attitudes of individuals whom they supervise. Instead, assessment of leadership effectiveness should occur only at the group level.Which of the following would it be most useful to establish in order to evaluate the argument?
|
|
GWD OG18-文本逻辑
|
A major health insurance company in Lagolia pays for special procedures prescribed by physicians only if the procedure is first approved as "medically necessary" by a company-appointed review panel. The rule is intended to save the company the money it might otherwise spend on medically unnecessary procedures. The company has recently announced that in order to reduce its costs, it will abandon this rule.Which of the following, if true, provides the strongest justification for the company's decision?
|
|
OG18-文本逻辑
|
To evaluate a plan to save money on office-space expenditures by having its employees work at home, XYZ Company asked volunteers from its staff to try the arrangement for six months. During this period, the productivity of these employees was as high as or higher than before.Which of the following, if true, would argue most strongly against deciding, on the basis of the trial results, to implement the company`s plan?
|
|
OG18-文本逻辑
|
Consumer health advocate: Your candy company adds caffeine to your chocolate candy bars so that each one delivers a specified amount of caffeine. Since caffeine is highly addictive, this indicates that you intend to keep your customers addicted. Candy manufacturer: Our manufacturing process results in there being less caffeine in each chocolate candy bar than in the unprocessed cacao beans from which the chocolate is made.The candy manufacturer's response is flawed as a refutation of the consumer health advocate's argument because it
|
|
OG18-文本逻辑
|
Nutritionists are advising people to eat more fish, since the omega-3 fatty acids in fish help combat many diseases. If everyone took this advice, however, there would not be enough fish in oceans, rivers, and lakes to supply the demand; the oceans are already being overfished. The obvious method to ease the pressure on wild fish populations is for people to increase their consumption of farmed fish.Which of the following, if true, raises the most serious doubt concerning the prospects for success of the solution proposed above?
|
|
PREP07 Test 1 OG18-文本逻辑
|
Crops can be traded on the futures market before they are harvested.If a poor corn harvest is predicted, prices of corn futures rise; if a bountiful corn harvest is predicted, prices of corn futures fall.This morning meteorologists are predicting much-needed rain for the corn-growing region starting tomorrow. Therefore, since adequate moisture is essential for the current crop's survival, prices of corn futures will fall sharply today.Which of the following, if true, most weakens the argument above?
|
|
PREP07 Test 2 OG18-文本逻辑
|
Large national budget deficits do not cause large trade deficits.If they did, countries with the largest budget deficits would also have the largest trade deficits.In fact, when deficit figures are adjusted so that different countries are reliably comparable to each other, there is no such correlation.If the statements above are all true, which of the following can properly be inferred on the basis of them?
|
|
OG18-文本逻辑
|
Which of the following best completes the passage below?The more worried investors are about losing their money, the more they will demand a high potential return on their investment:great risks must be offset by the chance of great rewards.This principle is the fundamental one in determining interest rates, and it is illustrated by the fact that ________ .
|
|
OG18-文本逻辑
|
It is often said that high rates of inflation tend to diminish people`s incentive to save and invest. This view must be incorrect, however, because people generally saved and invested more of their income in the 1970`s when inflation rates were high than they did in the 1980`s when inflation rates were low.Of the following, the best criticism of the argument above is that it overlooks the possibility that
|
|
OG18-文本逻辑
|
Which of the following most logically completes the argument below?Within the earth`s core, which is iron, pressure increases with depth. Because the temperature at which iron melts increases with pressure, the inner core is solid and the outer core is molten. Physicists can determine the melting temperature of iron at any given pressure and the pressure for any given depth in the earth. Therefore, the actual temperature at the boundary of the earth`s outer and inner cores-the melting temperature of iron there – can be determined, since_______.
|
|
GWD OG18-文本逻辑
|
Which of the following most logically completes the reasoning?Either food scarcity or excessive hunting can threaten a population of animals. If the group faces food scarcity, individuals in the group will reach reproductive maturity later than otherwise. If the group faces excessive hunting, individuals that reach reproductive maturity earlier will come to predominate. Therefore, it should be possible to determine whether prehistoric mastodons became extinct because of food scarcity or human hunting, since there are fossilized mastodon remains from both before and after mastodon populations declined, and ______.
|
|
PREP07 Test 2 OG18-文本逻辑
|
Unlike the wholesale price of raw wool, the wholesale price of raw cotton has fallen considerably in the last year. Thus, although the retail price of cotton clothing at retail clothing stores has not yet fallen, it will inevitably fall.Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?
|
|
OG18-文本逻辑
|
Many office buildings designed to prevent outside air from entering have been shown to have elevated levels of various toxic substances circulating through the air inside, a phenomenon known as sick building syndrome. Yet the air in other office buildings does not have elevated levels of these substances, even though those buildings are the same age as the "sick" buildings and have similar designs and ventilation systems.Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain why not all office buildings designed to prevent outside air from entering have air that contains elevated levels of toxic substances?
|
|
OG18-文本逻辑
|
Newsletter: A condominium generally offers more value for its cost than an individual house because of economies of scale. The homeowners in a condominium association can collectively buy products and services that they could not afford on their own. And since a professional management company handles maintenance of common areas, condominium owners spend less time and money on maintenance than individual homeowners do.The two portions in boldface play which of the following roles in the newsletter`s argument?
|
|
OG18-文本逻辑
|
Which of the following most logically completes the argument?When officials in Tannersburg released their plan to widen the city`s main roads, environmentalists protested that widened roads would attract more traffic and lead to increased air pollution. In response, city officials pointed out that today`s pollution-control devices are at their most effective in vehicles traveling at higher speeds and that widening roads would increase the average speed of traffic. However, this effect can hardly be expected to offset the effect pointed out by environmentalists, since __________.
|
|
OG18-文本逻辑
|
Premature babies who receive regular massages are more active than premature babies who do not. Even when all the babies drink the same amount of milk, the massaged babies gain more weight than do the unmassaged babies. This is puzzling because a more active person generally requires a greater food intake to maintain or gain weight.Which of the following, if true, best reconciles the apparent discrepancy described above?
|
|
OG18-文本逻辑
|
An eyeglass manufacturer tried to boost sales for the summer quarter by offering its distributors a special discount if their orders for that quarter exceeded those for last year's summer quarter by at least 20 percent.Many distributors qualified for this discount.Even with much merchandise discounted, sales increased enough to produce a healthy gain in net profits.The manufacturer plans to repeat this success by offering the same sort of discount for the fall quarter.Which of the following, if true, most clearly points to a flaw in the manufacturer's plan to repeat the successful performance of the summer quarter?
|
|
OG18-文本逻辑
|
Which of the following, if true, most logically completes the argument?Some dairy farmers in the province of Takandia want to give their cows a synthetic hormone that increases milk production. Many Takandians, however, do not want to buy milk from cows given the synthetic hormone. For this reason Takandia`s legislature is considering a measure requiring milk from cows given the hormone to be labeled as such. Even if the measure is defeated, dairy farmers who use the hormone will probably lose customers, since __________.
|
|
OG18-文本逻辑
|
Budget constraints have made police officials consider reassigning a considerable number of officers from traffic enforcement to work on higher-priority, serious crimes. Reducing traffic enforcement for this reason would be counterproductive, however, in light of the tendency of criminals to use cars when engaged in the commission of serious crimes. An officer stopping a car for a traffic violation can make a search that turns up evidence of serious crime.Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument given?
|