Nineteenth-century doctors thought that alcohol, when ingested, passed through the stomach into the bloodstream and was broken down only by the liver; recent studies, however, have led them to conclude that the stomach breaks down up to 20 percent of ingested alcohol before it reaches the liver.
                    
                
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                Ahave led them to conclude
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                Bhave led to their conclusion
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                Chave led doctors to conclude
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                Dlead to doctors concluding
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                Elead to the doctors' conclusion
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