说明：
本文是在国内GMAT考生中广为流传的PREP语法笔记整理而成。这些PREP题目，包括了老PREP和新PREP中的各2套共493道题目。我们把这些题目，按20道题目一组，创建了25个练习册，方便大家先做后看。
注意：此部分解析为非官方、非专业老师整理的解析。
141. (32450-!-item-!-188;#058&006160)
The federal rules aimed at protecting human subjects of medical experiments were established to
ensure that patients must be warned of potential risks and an independent panel would evaluate
the experiment before it was conducted.
(A) must be warned of potential risks and an independent panel would
(B) must be warned of potential risks and that an independent panel
(C) are warned about potential risks and that an independent panel
(D) will be warned about potential risks and an independent panel would
(E) would be warned of potential risks and that an independent panel would
句子结构：… rules … were established to ensure that… and that …
Ensure后跟两个由that引导的并列宾语从句。
考点：动词形式、平行对称
动词形式，如果没有特别明显的时间标志，从句的时态应该与主句保持一致。
平行对称-宾语从句，正式书面语中宾语从句的引导词 that 不能省略，并列的宾语从句在形式上尽量
保持平行对称。
(A) must be和ensure有语意上的重复；and后面缺少宾语从句引导词that；must与后面的would不平
行。
(B) must be和ensure有语意上的重复；ensure后的内容尽量与主句时态一致，过去发生的事情应该
用would。
(C) are warned时态不正确，过去发生的事情应该用would。
(D) will be时态不正确，与后面的would也不平行；and后面缺少宾语从句引导词that。
(E) 正确，emsure that… would and that … would…时态及形式都平行对称。
142. (32496-!-item-!-188;#058&006253)
According to a 1996 study published in the Journal of Human Resources, Americans of Middle
Eastern descent were twice as likely as was the national average to be self-employed.
(A) as was the national average to be self-employed
(B) as the average American to be self-employed
(C) as the national average that they would be self-employed
(D) to be self-employed than was the average American
(E) that they would be self-employed than was the national average
句子结构：According to…, Americans of… were twice as likely as… to be… 比较结构。
考点：比较、习惯用语
比较，A as… as… or adj.er than B; A at least as adj.er as B，常见的错误用法有：A as… or adj.er
than B（少 as）; as…as compared to; as… than compared to; as… than 搭配。
习惯用语-likely，be likely to do 或 it +be likely that 从句。
(A) the national average表达不清楚；was可以省略。
(B) 正确，the average American与Americans of …对称，be likely to do。
(C) the national average表达不清楚；be likely that…的正确表达方式是用it作形式主语it+be likely
that…，而不是sth be likely that…；they指代对象不清楚。
(D) as… than搭配错误。
(E) as… than搭配错误；be likely that…的正确表达方式是用it作形式主语it+be likely that…，而不是
sth be likely that…；was可以省略。
143. (32542-!-item-!-188;#058&006254)
Despite there being no fundamental difference in shipbuilding traditions in Viking-Age Scandinavia
from the ones in other parts of Northern Europe, archaeological evidence shows that Viking ships
were lighter, slimmer, faster, and thus probably more seaworthy than the heavier vessels used by
the English at that time.
(A) Despite there being no fundamental difference in shipbuilding traditions in Viking-Age
Scandinavia from the ones
(B) Despite no fundamental difference between the shipbuilding traditions in Viking-Age
Scandinavia from those
(C) With shipbuilding traditions in Viking-Age Scandinavia not fundamentally different from those
(D) With the shipbuilding traditions in Viking-Age Scandinavia having no fundamental difference
from the ones
(E) Although shipbuilding traditions in Viking-Age Scandinavia were not fundamentally different
from those
句子结构：Although shipbuilding traditions in… were not … different from those in…, archaeological
evidence shows that…
Although引导让步状语从句。
考点：逻辑表达、习惯用语
逻辑表达，介词+分词的表达方式不及连词引导从句的表达更清晰有效。
习惯用语-difference，difference in / different from
(A) despite there being表达方式错误，应该用连词，despite是介词；tradition是抽象名词，用ones
不恰当。
(B) difference in… from …介词搭配错误。
(C) with结构不如用连词接从句的表达方式更有效。
(D) with … doing不如用连词接从句的表达方式更有效；tradition是抽象名词，用ones不恰当。
(E) 正确，although引导让步状语从句，those指代traditions。
补充说明：one/ones（语法说明）
One/ones 用以避免重复可数名词，在正式谈话或书面语中，不应使用。不能用以取代不可数名词，
与抽象可数名词连用也很少见。例如：
The Scottish legal system is not the same as the English system. （而不用 as the English one）
144. (32588-!-item-!-188;#058&006258)
To protect English manufacturers of woolen goods both against American and Irish competition,
England passed the Woolens Act of 1698, which prohibited the export of woolen cloth beyond a
colony's borders.
(A) To protect English manufacturers of woolen goods both against American and Irish competition,
England passed the Woolens Act of 1698
(B) In order to protect English manufacturers of woolen goods against both American and Irish
competition, England passed the Woolens Act of 1698
(C) In order to protect English manufacturers of woolen goods against American, as well as against
Irish, competition, the Woolens Act of 1698 was passed by England
(D) For protecting English manufacturers of woolen goods against American, as well as Irish,
competition, England passed the Woolens Act of 1698
(E) For the protection of English manufacturers of woolen goods against both American and Irish
competition, the Woolens Act of 1698, passed by England
句子结构：In order to protect… against both… and… , England passed …Act of 1698, which…
主语是England，谓语是passed，宾语是the Woolens Act of 1698，后跟which引导的定语从句修饰
句子宾语。
考点：平行对称、简洁有效、逻辑表达
平行对称-both…and…，连接对象要对称，尤其注意介词的并列。
简洁有效-目的表达，表示目的通常用 to do/in order to do，而不是用 for doing/for+名词。
逻辑表达，注意未划线部分句子的代词、谓语动词、单复数问题，使得前后一致。
(A) both… and…连接对象不对称。
(B) 正确，in order to do等于to do。
(C) England一词的位置使得未划线部分句子的which指代对象错误。
(D) 表目的用to do/in order to do，而不用for doing。
(E) 表目的用to do/in order to do，而不用for +名词；句子谓语结构不完整，应该是was passed被动
语态，否则passed by…只能视为过去分词作后置定语，使整个句子缺少谓语；England一词的位置
使得未划线部分句子的which指代对象错误。
145. (32634-!-item-!-188;#058&006269) [与121题同]
When the temperature of a gas is increased, it is either accompanied by an increase in pressure if
the gas is enclosed in a container, or an increase in volume if the gas is able to expand.
(A) When the temperature of a gas is increased, it is either accompanied by an increase in pressure
if the gas is enclosed in a container, or
(B) When the temperature of a gas is increased, it is accompanied either by an increase in pressure
if it is enclosed in a container or
(C) When the temperature of a gas is increased, the increase is either accompanied by an increase
in pressure if the gas is enclosed in a container or by
(D) Any increase in the temperature of a gas is accompanied by either an increase in pressure if it
is enclosed in a container, or by
(E) Any increase in the temperature of a gas is accompanied either by an increase in pressure if the
gas is enclosed in a container or by
146. (32680-!-item-!-188;#058&006281)
Often billed as "The Genius," American pianist, singer, composer, and bandleader Ray Charles is
credited with soul music's early development, a genre based on melding gospel, rhythm and blues,
and jazz.
(A) Charles is credited with soul music's early development, a genre based on melding
(B) Charles is credited with the early development of soul music, being a genre based on melding
(C) Charles is credited with the early development of soul music, a genre based on a melding of
(D) Charles, credited with soul music's early development, a genre that was based on a melding of
(E) Charles, who is credited with the early development of soul music, a genre based on melding
句子结构：Often billed as…, … Ray Charles is credited with… soul music, a genre…
主语是Ray Charles，谓语是is credit，a genre…是soul music的同位语。
考点：句子结构、逻辑表达
句子结构，当动词在选项中以谓语形式和分词修饰语成分同时出现时，要特别注意分词结构的句子中
是否有主句谓语。
逻辑表达，同位语修饰紧临的名词，注意未划线部分句子与划部部分的逻辑关系。
(A) a genre…作紧临的名词development的同位语错误；现在分词melding gospel rhythm and blues
与and后面的名词jazz不平行。
(B) being多余；现在分词melding gospel rhythm and blues与and后面的名词jazz不平行。
(C) 正确，a genre…作soul music的同位语，动名词a melding of与and后面的名词jazz平行。
(D) 整个句子缺少谓语；a genre…作紧临的名词development的同位语错误。
(E) 整个句子缺少谓语；现在分词melding gospel rhythm and blues与and后面的名词jazz不平行。
补充说明：bill as
Bill: verb. If you bill a person or event as a particular thing, you advertise them in a way that makes
people think they had particular qualities or abilities. 宣传。
147. (32726-!-item-!-188;#058&006292)
By pressing a tiny amount of nitrogen between two diamonds to a pressure of 25 million pounds per
square inch, scientists not only were able to transform the gas into a solid, but they also created a
semiconductor similar to silicon.
(A) not only were able to transform the gas into a solid, but they also created
(B) not only were able to transform the gas into a solid but also creating
(C) were able not only to transform the gas into a solid but to create
(D) were able not only to transform the gas into a solid but also creating
(E) were not only able to transform the gas into a solid, but they were also able to create
句子结构：By pressing… scientists were able not only to … but to… 平行结构。
考点：平行对称
平行对称-not only… but also…，注意连接对象的形式对称（also 可以省略）。
(A) not only…but also连接对象不对称，but also之间的they多余。
(B) not only…but also连接对象不对称，were able to transform与现在分词creating。
(C) 正确，not only to transform… but to create…
(D) not only…but also连接对象不对称，to transform与现在分词creating不对称。
(E) not only…but also连接对象不对称，but also之间的they were多余。
148. (32773-!-item-!-188;#058&006296)
In contrast to some fish eggs requiring months to incubate, the Rio Grande silvery minnow
produces eggs that hatch in about 24 hours, yielding larvae that can swim in just three to four days.
(A) some fish eggs requiring months to incubate
(B) some fish, whose eggs require months to incubate
(C) some fish that have eggs requiring months to incubate
(D) the requirement of months of incubation for some fish eggs
(E) requiring months of incubation, as some fish eggs do
句子结构：In contrast to some fish, …, the Rio Grande silvery minnow… 比较结构。
Whose引导定语从句作插入语修饰名词fish，主语是the Rio Grande silvery minnow。
考点：比较
比较-in contrast to，in contrast to 是比较惯用法，前后比较对象一定要对等。
(A) fish eggs与the Rio Grande silvery minnow比较对象不对等。
(B) 正确，some fish与the Rio Grande silvery minnow对比。
(C) that have eggs的表达不准确。
(D) the requirement与the Rio Grande silvery minnow比较对象不对等。
(E) requiring与the Rio Grande silvery minnow比较对象不对等；as some fish eggs do改变了原句意
思，而且do的指代对象也不清楚。
149. (32963-!-item-!-188;#058&006488)
Until Berta and Ernst Scharrer established the concept of neurosecretion in 1928, scientists
believed that either cells secreted hormones, which made them endocrine cells and thus part of the
endocrine system, or conducted electrical impulses, in which case they were nerve cells and thus
part of the nervous system.
(A) either cells secreted hormones, which made them
(B) either cells secreted hormones, making them
(C) either cells secreted hormones and were
(D) cells either secreted hormones, in which case they were
(E) cells either secreted hormones, which made them
句子结构：Until…, scientists believed that cells either…, or… 平行结构。
考点：平行对称、逻辑表达
平行对称-either… or…，连接对象要形式对称。
逻辑表达，which 只能指代名词，不能指代句子；现在分词结构在句尾，要特别注意其修饰对象是否
清楚合理。
(A) either… or …连接对象不平行，名词cells与动词conducted；which只能指代紧临的名词hormones，
不符合逻辑意思。
(B) either… or …连接对象不平行，名词cells与动词conducted；分词结构making存在修饰坡义，可
作定语修饰hormones，也可作状语修饰believed。
(C) either… or …连接对象不平行，名词cells与动词conducted；and were…的表达方式错误，与后
面的and thus…无法合理连接。
(D) 正确，they指代cells。
(E) which只能指代紧临的名词hormones，不符合逻辑意思。
补充说明：in which case，固定搭配，“在这种情况下”
in which case: you say in that case or in which case to indicate that what you are going to say is true
if the possible situation that has just been mentioned actually exists.
Members are concerned that a merger might mean higher costs, in which case they would opposite
it.
150. (33009-!-item-!-188;#058&006530)
The computer company has announced that it will purchase the color-printing division of a rival
company for $950 million, which is part of a deal that will make it the largest manufacturer in the
office color-printing market.
(A) million, which is part of a deal that will make
(B) million, a part of a deal that makes
(C) million, part of a deal making
(D) million as a part of a deal to make
(E) million as part of a deal that will make
句子结构：The computer company has announced that it will purchase … as part of a deal that…
Announce后跟宾语从句，that引导定语从句修饰名词deal。
考点：逻辑表达
逻辑表达，同位语的作用与系动词 be 的作用一样，不同类的东西不能作同位语。不能用中文中的意
思理解去做语法题；分词、不定式、从句用做修饰语时，各自表达的逻辑含义不同，要注意区分。
(A) which指代million错误。
(B) part of 表示是同位语，但 deal 与 million 不是同类，million 是个数字 number，它的同位语可以是
a number…。deal 是 business agreement，用它作同位语的可以是 agreement, contract 等；makes
一般现在时态错误，应该用将来时，表示将来的预期。
(C) part of 表示同位语，但 deal 与 million 不是同类，理由与选项 B 相同；分词的形式不能表达出从
句才具有的时态概念。
(D) to make 的修饰对象有歧义，原句是修饰 deal 的，但不定式的逻辑主语又可以是句子主语。
(E) 介词 as 引导的短语在句中充当状语，如同 The news comes as a shock. You need to be able to
work as part of a team.中的 as 一样。这里 as part of…不是同位语，不需要去指代前面哪一个词或者
动作。
151. (33055-!-item-!-188;#058&006544)
Like the thorny ballooning of a frightened pufferfish or the sudden appearance of angry sapphire
hoops for which the blue-ringed octopus is named, so the California newt's display of its red
underbelly is a clear warning that predators ignore at their peril.
(A) so the California newt's display of its red underbelly is a clear warning that predators ignore at
their peril
(B) so it is at their peril that predators ignore the California newt's display of its red underbelly, a
clear warning
(C) the California newt's displaying its red underbelly is a clear warning for predators, so they ignore
it at their peril
(D) the California newt's display of its red underbelly is a clear warning that predators ignore at their
peril
(E) it is at their peril that predators ignore the California newt's display of its red underbelly, a clear
warning
句子结构：Like the thorny ballooning of… or the sudden appearance of… , the California newt's
display of… is a clear warning that... 比较结构。
考点：比较
比较-like，like 比较结构的主句主语必须是与 like 后跟的名词同类，作比较对象。
(A) Like…, so… 搭配错误。
(B) Like…, so… 搭配错误；a clear warning修饰对象不清楚，紧临的名词是underbelly，但其修饰对
象应该是warning。
(C) ‘s displaying…与the thorny ballooning of… or the sudden appearance of…不对称；so表达的因
果意思与原句不符。
(D) 正确，like比较结构，the thorny ballooning of… or the sudden appearance of…与’s display of…
对比，that引导定语从句修饰warning。
(E) it is…结构使得like比较结构比较对象不对等；a clear warning修饰对象不清楚
补充说明：名词peril
a source of danger; a possibility of incurring loss or misfortune; at one’s peril冒险，处于险境。
152. (33101-!-item-!-188;#058&006547)
Recent research indicates that two popular arthritis drugs are possibly not as safe as they initially
believed.
(A) that two popular arthritis drugs are possibly not as safe as they initially believed
(B) that two popular arthritis drugs may not be as safe as they were initially believed to be
(C) two popular arthritis drugs to possibly not be as safe as it was initially believed
(D) the safety of two popular arthritis drugs may not be as great as it was initially believed
(E) the safety of two popular arthritis drugs not to be as great as they were initially believed to be
句子结构：Recent research indicates that … drugs may not be as safe as…
Indicate后跟宾语从句。
考点：句子结构、指代一致
句子结构-宾语从句，正式书面语中宾语从句中引导词 that 不能省略，常见的错误选项是谓语动词后
跟 sth to do 形式。
指代一致，名词单复数与代词一致，并且要注意 it+be…是否能作形式主语表达原句意思。
(A) they没有指代对象，因为用的是主动语态they believed…，如果they指代drugs，则必须用被动语
态。
(B) 正确，that 引导宾语从句说明 indicate 的内容，as 在这里的作用更类似连词，连接一个主句和一
个从句。
(C) indicate后面应该跟that引导的宾语从句，indicate sth to do的表达方式错误；单数代词it没有指代
对象。
(D) 缺少引导词that；the safety of…的表达方式罗嗦；单数代词it没有指代对象。
(E) 缺少引导词that，indicate sth to do的表达方式错误；the safety of…的表达方式罗嗦。
153. (33147-!-item-!-188;#058&006555)
A recent United States Census Bureau report shows that there are more than three times as many
households where the children and grandchildren are living in their grandparents' home as
compared to households where the grandparents are living in their children's or grandchildren's
home.
(A) as compared to households where the
(B) as there are households where the
(C) as those whose
(D) than compared to those where the
(E) than there are whose
句子结构：A recent… report shows that there are more than three times as many… as there are …
比较结构。
考点：比较、平行对称
比较，比较的习惯用法 A as… as… or adj.er than B，常见的错误用法有 A as… or adj.er than B（少
as）; as…as compared to; as… than compared to; as… than 等。
平行对称，比较结构中的对比对象尽量要形式对称。
(A) as compared to搭配错误且as…as与compared to结构重复。
(B) 正确，as… as…连接不同的household对比，where引导定语从句修饰households与前面保持对
称。
(C) whose grandparents和前面的where…不对称，household作家庭讲用where指代，而不是whose。。
(D) as… than搭配错误，且as…as与compared to结构重复。
(E) as… than搭配错误；whose grandparents和前面的where…不对称。
154. (33193-!-item-!-188;#058&006626)
Some patients who do not respond to therapies for depression may simply have received
inadequate treatment, having, for example, been prescribed a drug at a dosage too low to be
effective or having been taken off a drug too soon.
(A) having, for example, been prescribed a drug at a dosage too low to be effective or having been
(B) having, for example, a drug prescription that was ineffective because the dosage was too low,
or being
(C) as, for example, having too low of a dosage of a prescribed drug for it to be effective, or being
(D) when they have, for example, been prescribed too low a drug dosage to be effective, or were
(E) for example, when they have a drug prescription with a dosage too low to be effective, or been
句子结构：Some patients who… may have received inadequate treatment, having been… or having
been…
主语是patients，由who引导的定语从句修饰，宾语是treatment，后由for example引出两个treatment
例子。
考点：平行对称、句子结构
平行对称，句中相同功能的结构并列时尽量做到语态、时态形式上都对称。
句子结构-省略，并列结构中只有功能相同的词才可以省略，要特别注意相同的词在并列时起不同的
作用，比如 have 作助动词和实义动词时，就不可以省略。
(A) 正确，having been prescribed… or having been taken off…形式及时态都平行。
(B) having a drug prescription与being taken off不对称，应该都用被动语态。
(C) as连词后面应该跟完整的句子；having… 与being…不对称。
(D) 时态上不对称，现在完成时与过去时并列have been prescribed... or were taken off...；没有表达
原文的意思，因为when...引导的是时间状语从句，是指前面主句所述内容在when...这种情况下发生，
但原文的意思（尤其是用了for example）是列举了两种inadequate treatment的情况（用了动名词形
式），而不是在什么情况下会receive inadequate treatment。
(E) 时态上不对称，与D选项相同；have在本句是实意动词，不能充当or后面需要的助动词have。
155. (33239-!-item-!-188;#058&006636)
A different variety of giant tortoise can be found on every island in the Galapagos, each with its own
style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck.
(A) each with its own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck
(B) each with their own styles of oversized domes and comically scrawny necks
(C) each having their own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck
(D) all having their own styles of oversized domes and comically scrawny necks
(E) all with their own style of oversized dome and comically scrawny neck
句子结构：A different… tortoise can be found…, each with … and…
Each…是独立主格结构。
考点：句子结构
句子结构-强调型独立主格：each+名词+名词/形容词/分词/介词，而不是 all。
(A) 正确，强调型独立主格：each+介词+名词。
(B) each后面应该跟单数名词，their错误。
(C) each后面应该跟单数名词，their错误；their与style单复数不一致。
(D) 独立主格结构应该用each+单数名词，而不是all+复数名词。
(E) 独立主格结构应该用each+单数名词，而不是all+复数名词。
156. (33285-!-item-!-188;#058&006648)
Like English and Italian, each of which have elaborate rules for forming words and sentences, so
sign languages have rules for individual signs and signed sentences.
(A) Like English and Italian, each of which have elaborate rules for forming
(B) Similar to the elaborate rules that English and Italian have to form
(C) Just as English and Italian have elaborate rules for forming
(D) As with English and Italian, both having elaborate rules to form
(E) In the same way that there are elaborate rules used to form English and Italian
句子结构：Just as…, so… 比较结构。
考点：比较、主谓一致
比较，just as A do, so B do 的固定搭配，常见的错误用法包括：拆分固定搭配，以 like/same way/as
with/similar to 等结构混淆。
主谓一致，each/every+名词，谓语动词用单数形式。
(A) like…, so…搭配错误；each of…后面应该跟单数形式的has。
(B) similar to…, so…搭配错误；elaborate rules与sign languages比较对象不对等。
(C) 正确，Just as English and Italian…, so sign languages…，English and Italian与sign languages
的对比。
(D) as with…, so…搭配错误。
(E) in the same way that…, so…搭配错误；there be句型使得前后比较对象不对等。
157. (33331-!-item-!-188;#058&006672) [OG原题：OG10-246，OG11-CR-PREP：第241-260...
Joachim Raff and Giacomo Meyerbeer are examples of the kind of composer who receives popular
acclaim while living, often goes into decline after death, and never regains popularity again.
(A) often goes into decline after death, and never regains popularity again
(B) whose reputation declines after death and never regains its status again
(C) but whose reputation declines after death and never regains its former status
(D) who declines in reputation after death and who never regained popularity again
(E) then has declined in reputation after death and never regained popularity
句子结构：Joachim Raff and Giacomo Meyerbeer are … who…, but whose reputation declines…
and never regains…
Who与whose引导并列的定语从句修饰名词composer，前一从句谓语是receives，后一从句的并列谓
语是declines and regains。
OG10 解释：
Choice C, the best answer, maintains parallel structure, keeps verb tense consistent, and contains
no redundancies.
Choice A illogically suggests that it is the composer who goes into decline after death, rather than
the composer's reputation. Choice A may also be faulted for the redundancy of never regains ...
again.
Choice B is not correct. Grammatically, a coordinating conjunction (e.g., "but") is needed to join the
clause whose reputation declines ... with the preceding clause, who receives popular acclaim....
Furthermore, the phrase never regains... again suffers from redundancy.
Choices D and E suffer from inconsistency in verb tense. To maintain parallelism the verbs must be
receives... declines... regains.
OG11解释：
Verb tense + Parallelism
Faulty parallelism in the relative clause who receives ... goes ... regains ... makes it unclear who or
what is being described. The original clause begins by describing a certain kind of composer. As
written, with who as the subject of goes and regains, the last two descriptions illogically continue
to refer to the kind of composer. Logically it must be the reputation that declines after the
composer's death.
A Illogically suggests the composer goes into decline after death; redundant again
B The two clauses are not parallel, lack a coordinating conjunction, and do not describe the
same thing; redundant again
C Correct. This sentence presents the proper logic while maintaining paral el structure and
consistent verb tense.
D The verb tenses are inconsistent with present tense used in the first phrase; redundant
again
E The verb tenses are inconsistent with present tense used in the first phrase; to maintain
parallelism, the verbs must be receives ... declines ... regains
The correct answer is C.
158. (33377-!-item-!-188;#058&006720)
The largest trade-book publisher in the United States has announced the creation of a new digital
imprint division, under which it will publish about 20 purely digital works to be sold online as either
electronic books or downloadable copies that can be printed upon purchase.
(A) works to be sold online as either electronic books or
(B) works to sell them online, either as electronic books or
(C) works and it will sell them online as either electronic books or as
(D) works, and selling them online as either electronic books or as
(E) works, and it will sell them online either as electronic books or
句子结构：The… publisher… has announced … division, under which it will…
Which引导定语从句修饰division。
考点：句子结构、平行对称
句子结构，当句中有连词 and 连接并列结构时要注意其语法上的并列对象与逻辑意思是否相符，常见
的错误选项是逻辑上从句并列的内容在语法上与主句并列。
平行对称-either… or…，连接对象对称，注意介词的省略或补出。
(A) 正确，to be sold不定式作定语表达“被用来网上出售的”的意思，等于which will be sold。
(B) to sell them表达方式不正确；either… or…连接对象不对称。
(C) 不加逗号的and it will sell中的it多余；either… or…连接对象不对称。
(D) and selling没有平行对象；either … or…连接对象不对称。
(E) “, and it will”这里的逗号与and要连接两个完整的句子并列，即与主句publisher has announced…
并列，无法与定语从句中的will publish并列，除非去掉逗号。a pair of comma是隔开插入语（修饰成
分），不影响整体句子结构，所以”,under which…works,”就成了修饰division的成分，and it will sell…
和主句并列改变了原文要表达的意思。
159. (33521-!-item-!-188;#058&006923)
As the former chair of the planning board for 18 consecutive years and a board member for 28
years, Joan Philkill attended more than 400 meetings and reviewed more than 700 rezoning
applications.
(A) As the former
(B) The former
(C) Former
(D) She was
(E) As the
句子结构：As…, Joan Philkill attended… and reviewed…
考点：逻辑表达、句子结构
逻辑表达，注意前后文所表达的意思，在词的含义上是否会有不符合逻辑之处。
句子结构，并列的句子必须有连词连接。
(A) as the former chair… for 18 consecutive years不符合逻辑，而且主语谓语是attended…，如果是
former chair，attended…也是不符合逻辑的。
(B) former用错，原因与A选项相同。
(C) 缺少冠词a或the。
(D) 两个句子连接不当，缺少连词；chair前面缺少冠词。
(E) 正确。
160. (33567-!-item-!-188;#058&006988)
She was an educator, a builder of institutions and organizations, and a major figure in the Black
church and secular feminist movements as well, so one of the best-known and most well-respected
African Americans of the early twentieth century was Nannie Helen Burroughs.
(A) She was an educator, a builder of institutions and organizations, and a major figure in the Black
church and secular feminist movements as well, so one of the best-known and most well-respected
African Americans of the early twentieth century was Nannie Helen Burroughs.
(B) She was an educator, a builder of institutions and organizations, and a major figure in the
Black church and secular feminist movements, and Nannie Helen Burroughs also was one of the
best-known and well-respected African Americans of the early twentieth century.
(C) As an educator, a builder of institutions and organizations, and a major figure in the Black
church and secular feminist movements, Nannie Helen Burroughs was one of the best-known and
most well-respected African Americans of the early twentieth century.
(D) As an educator, a builder of institutions and organizations, and a major figure in the Black
church and secular feminist movements, one of the best-known and well-respected African
Americans of the early twentieth century was Nannie Helen Burroughs.
(E) Being an educator, a builder of institutions and organizations, and a major figure in the Black
church and secular feminist movements, one of the best-known and most well-respected African
Americans of the early twentieth century was Nannie Helen Burroughs.
句子结构：As…, …, and …, Nannie Helen Burroughs was…
考点：逻辑表达
逻辑表达，as+名词表示“作为”比 being+名词的表达方式更有效，其在句首时，句子主语应该是 as…
的逻辑主语；注意句子中所用的连词，是否合理地表达了原句要表达的意思。
(A) so…表达因果关系不符合逻辑；one of … was …的表达方式使得前面的 she 指代不清楚。
(B) and… also was表达递近关系不符合逻辑。
(C) 正确。
(D) as+名词表达“作为”的意思时，后面主句主语应该是人。
(E) being+名词的表达方式不及as更简洁有效，而且后面的主句主语应该是人。
