不定式在句子中可以充当很多成分,如名词,形容词或副词:

  ◆ Noun: I love TO SWIM. To swim 作为love 的宾语.

  ◆ Adjective: The person TO MEET is here. To meet 修饰名词person .

  ◆ Adverb: Sue paused TO EAT lunch. To eat 修饰动词paused .

 

对于不定式的使用,我们也更应该关注不定式所要表达的目的:

  Right: The contractors demolished the building TO KEEP it from falling down accidentally.

  demolished 的发起者是contractors ,同时也是不定式to keep的发起者,它描述了demolish 的目的,这里的it 指代building。我们再看一个例子:

  Wrong: The building was demolished TO AVOID falling down accidentally.

上面的例子中building 本身不可能AVOID falling down,对于上面例子可以这样修改:

  The building was demolished TO KEEP IT from falling down accidentally.

  这里的it 指代building ,经过这样修改,building 变成了不定式的宾语。不定式虽然可騨发名词用但还是和名词有许多不同的地方,比如不能作为介词的宾语。

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练习册:不定式

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